Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Predictive Policing Essay Example for Free
Predictive Policing Essay Information Technology, or IT, is the study, design, creation, utilization, support, and management of computer-based information systems, especially software applications and computer hardware. Information technology is not limited solely to computers, but other devices such as mobile phones, PDAs and other handheld devices. The field of IT is quickly moving from compartmentalized computer-focused areas to other forms of mobile technology. (Information Technology, 2011) Over the last decade, computer and telecommunications technologies have developed at a surprising rate. Increased computing power, advances in data transmission, smart and user-friendly graphic interfaces present law enforcement agencies with unprecedented capacity to collect, store, analyze and share data with stakeholders inside and outside of government. Ultimately, information technology represents a tool to help local law enforcement achieve its broadened and increasingly complex missions. (Reichert, 2001) Using information technology to fight crime by the police officers is becoming increasingly effective in apprehending the crime perpetrators. Historically, technological innovation has served as the substance for intense changes in the organization of police work and has presented both opportunities and challenges to police and other criminal justice practitioners, according to Janet Chan, a social scientist who has studied how information technology affects the way police do their jobs. 1 Noting that . information is the stock-in- trade of policing,. Chan has identified three general imperatives driving law enforcement’s evening investment in information technology. Using information technology in policing has add that more efficiency to the police department. Comparing the old-fashioned way of patrolling the streets to combat crime to then use them of using technology to predict the crime area and patrolling in advance deters crimes from happening. There are many advantages associated with using information technology in policing. Comparative analysis shows that using information technology (IT) to combat crime has save lot of resources and time in the police department. There are a number of other advantages that can be associated with the use of information technology in the police department. For instance they use of Automated Field Reporting System by the police department has eradicated the use of hand writing of reports at the field by the Police Officers. Officers completed handwritten incident reports in the field and submitted them at the end of a shift to a field supervisor. After reviewing and approving reports, field supervisors would send them to a central repository for filing, usually in the department’s records section. Personnel in the records section were responsible for distributing copies to other units in the department, such as the appropriate investigative unit, and entering information from the incident reports into a database. Depending on the specific system at a police department, the incident report process could take days, or even weeks, from the time the report was written to its availability in a database. The AFRS had saved Polices from going through all these processes. Even the time of going back to the office to submit the report has been saved by the police officers. The use of information technology makes the police officers to be able to know where a crime may potentiality happen, and their presence ahead of time help prevent the crime. Whereas random patrolling has the potential of missing the crimes area and that give criminals the leeway to perpetrate their criminal act. Using technology by the police helps them to arrive at the crime scene as early as practicable; this helps the offices to trace the criminals and apprehend them. Its called Predictive Policing a program which Capt. Sean Malinowski says puts officers on the scene before crimes occur. Sixty-five percent of our crimes are burglary, grand theft auto and burglary from a motor vehicle Malinowski said. And thats what these boxes represent. The real measure of this is not how many people you catch it is how much crime you prevent, said Beck. I love catching people its what I live for but what Id rather do is live in a place and work in a place where crime didnt happen. These include inputs, processing, output, and feedback. Inputs are collected in a form of data. The departments of the Police depends upon police incident and arrest reports for their crime data, but they also used computer-aided dispatch (CAD) data to aid identify geographic hot spots. In Minneapolis, officer debriefings of suspects were an additional feature of the information/data-gathering process. The Compstat process began when an officer filled out an incident/arrest report that he or she then hands to a commanding officer for approval. Once approved, a data clerk, who is located in the district, or in headquarters, enters crime information from the reports into a records management system (RMS). At this point the analysts in the Crime Analysis Unit (CAU) selected the data on the crimes that were regularly presented at Compstat meetings and entered them into a computer database. using a data management program, either MS Excel or MS Access. The main field research techniques we used were participation, observation, and formal interviews with city officials and police at various levels in the chain of command. At each site, researchers observed weekly or biweekly Compstat meetings and interviewed city and police department personnel. These included the mayor, city manager, chief, civilian staff, middle managers or district commanders, captains, lieutenants, detectives, first-line supervisors or sergeants, and patrol officers. District commanders previously relied heavily upon reading daily crime reports to identify problems and patterns, and they supplemented this information with personal experience and subjective evidence. The data is then analyzed and processed to make more meaningful. In conducting intensive field research, the police officers are especially interested in attaining detailed information on the role of Compstat-generated data and in learning about the â€Å"scanning†part of the problem-identification process. How were problems analyzed, and how were tactics reviewed and selected? What was the scope of the treatment developed to deal with a Compstat identified problem, in terms of the resources mobilized to deal with it? Was there a reorganization or mobilization of resources to address the problem, or was it handled merely by the routines of individuals or units already assigned to these duties? How were rank-and file officers involved in this process, if at all? Were specific officers or patrol units made accountable for addressing problems? How much follow-through was there on these initiatives? Data-driven problem identification and assessment: Compstat has significantly enhanced management and analysis of data. Examining crime maps and reviewing summary statistics was not essential to this process. Crime data helped inform but did not drive decision making.
Monday, January 27, 2020
Film Review Reel Bad Arabs Media Essay
Film Review Reel Bad Arabs Media Essay In his documentary, Shaheen represents the foreign stigma of Arabs as being either harems whose sole purpose in life is pleasing men, as being nomads, or as desert dwellers full of violence. This stigma goes as far as projecting the Arab land as having magical carpets and Genies in bottles. One famous movie that portrays this Stigma is the Disney Animation, Aladdin. Through Dr. Shaheens eyes, Aladdin is a film that recycled every old degrading stereotype from Hollywoods silent black-and-white past. I agree with Dr. Shaheen on this specific point because even the opening song of the movie goes, Oh, I come from a land, from a faraway place, where the caravan camels grow, where they cut off your ear if they dont like your face. Its barbaric, but, hey, its home. Moreover, there is another scene in the movie where a woman in the grocery market is threatened by a salesman to cut of her hands if she doesnt pay for the items she took off of the counter. In my opinion, this scene shows a very extreme view of Arab traditions, and, seeing as not all Arab countries apply to such harsh penalties for stealing; it is an unfair portrayal of the Arab society. Another critical point that Shaheen reveals is how Hollywood portrays Arab men, especially Sheikhs as erotic men who are obsessed with American women. A scene that elaborates on this idea is from the movie Cannonball Run 2, where an Arab tells a couple of American women, I have a weakness for blondes. He takes those women to a hotel and orders his butler to book twelve suits which emphasizes that Arabs are too rich and stupid to know the value of money according to Dr. Shaheen. While most movies project Arab men as oversexed, they always portray American women as victims that try to defend themselves from those erotic Arab men. An example of such a stereotype is seen in the movie Taken in which Liam Neeson is a retired CIA agent who, throughout the whole movie, tries to track his daughter, Kim, who was kidnapped by slave traders while she was travelling in France. At the end of the movie he goes to a place where he finds his daughter being sold in a sex slave auction to a young man w ho has offered the highest price. This man takes Kim to a fancy boat surrounded by guards, and goes in to a huge room and tells his master, who is an Arab, that he got himself the girl he wanted. Moreover, Hollywood also reveals Arab men with the same external image of wearing a long dress or galabeya, a beard, dark sunglasses, and limousine in the background. Again, Hollywood has taken an over dramatized notion of Arabs and generalized it in to a widely conceived idea of the Arab culture and history. Dr. Jack Shaheen believes that Hollywood always portrays Arabs as brutal, heartless, uncivilized religious fanatics and money -mad people who are bent on terrorizing civilized westerners, especially Christians and Jews. I agree with Dr. Shaheens view because Hollywood movies always project Arabs as villains with guns and knives who view violence as a normal act. I also noticed while watching the short clips from different movies that they mainly focus on the facial expressions of the Arabs and trying to reveal them as angry, vicious people full of hatred. I believe that such techniques are especially designed to psychologically brainwash the audience into believing the fake portrayal that Hollywood has made of the Arabs. Such techniques have also had an impact on other forms of media, such as music. Many pop Artists and Rappers have criticized Arabs in their songs. In Busta Rhymes song Arab Money, he uses lines from the Quran and mocks the Middle Eastern culture for its wealth by inc luding lines such as Screw the recession, Im still investing , about to buy Dubai and swim the shark section.            For a long time, Hollywood has mainly focused on stigmatizing the image of Arabs and it has never revealed the accomplishments they have made throughout history. In addition, they never mentioned that Arabs have inspired Europeans with their skills and techniques throughout history. Arabs have introduced agriculture concepts such as oranges, cotton, and dates to Europeans. They have also made great advances in technology such as in the water clock. Also, Al Khwarizmi, the founder of Algebra, has made a great contribution to mathematics that is used worldwide today. All of these examples are positive aspects of Arabs that could be portrayed in American movies; however, Hollywood chooses to present Arabs in the fake negative portrayal that it has created of them.            Later on in the Documentary, Dr. Shaheen states that the image of Arabs began to change after World War II. Hollywood focused more on Palestinians due to the conflict between Israel and Palestine, in which the United States supported Israel. Palestinians are projected as evil civilians who are always harming Jews and Israelis in general. They are also shown as violent in nature and suicide bombers who cause the deaths of innocent people. One movie that elaborates on this theory is Delta force. In this film, a group of Palestinians terrorize people on the plane and one Palestinian tells another to pick out the passengers with Jewish names so they can kill them. In addition, many Arab women are projected as villains such as in the movie Black Sunday where the character is a cold blooded woman who tried to kill 80,000 innocent Americans at a super bowl. Dr. Shaheen believes that two Israeli producers emphasized these stereotypes in Hollyw ood movies for a twenty-year period. He also states that there are some movies that are particularly shown on television at least once a week. In my opinion, this is a form of propaganda to make the audience hate Arabs, and especially Palestinians. Hollywood and American television has never sympathized with Palestinians by showing them as innocent people living in refugee camps or who are brutally shot by Israeli soldiers in their homeland.            Hollywood has shown in recent movies how easy it is for Americans kill Arabs in brutal ways trying to emphasizing that Arabs deserve to die. The movie Rules of Engagement, starring Samuel L. Jackson, is an example that stresses this idea. A specific scene that reveals this idea is a scene where Arab men, women, and even small children are all holding guns and trying to kill the American soldiers. This scene underlines the fact that Arabs are never innocent and violent in nature, even young children.            For over a century words like Muslims and Arabs are threatening in the west. In addition, the situation grew worse since the September 11th attack where 19 Arab Muslims were responsible for the deaths of 3000 people. Jack Shaheen explains that the actions of a small group of people should not be reflected upon 1.9 million people. I agree with Shaheens point of view; as an Arab, I was one of the many Muslims who were against the 9/11 attacks as it is excruciating and inexcusable to kill innocent people for any reason. Also, the Quran forbids the killing of innocent people and the terrorists responsible for this attack, who call themselves Muslims, have disrespected their religion on so many levels. On the other hand, I can understand why in the United States, the actions of one Arab reflect on the rest. Therefore, documentaries aired on television Brainwash people by using Bold and Capital letters to emphasize things like Islam, a religion of 2 billion members growing by 50 million people annually. Nearly every terrorist network is led by an Islamic fundamentalist. Dr. Shaheen also states that since 9/11 attack, passengers with Muslim names are immediately suspects in US airports; even the ones who hold American passports.            Shaheen points out that Hollywood has been portraying Arabs as terrorists and villains for a very long time that its ok to include them in movies that have nothing to with them such as Back to the Future and Gladiator. Moreover, when Arabs are not terrorizing Americans or harassing their women, they are buying up their country and being the source of their economic troubles as seen in the movie Father of the Bride. Also, a scene from a movie included in the documentary shows a man in a talk show urging the need for American citizens to let their president know that they do not like the fact that the Arabs are buying them.            A different important point that Dr. Shaheen makes in his documentary is that Arab women are always victimized in Hollywood movies as poor and weak. They are always seen in the shadows or in the background and do not have a purpose. Arab women are never portrayed as doctors, engineers, or even successful leaders. Women such as El Sheikha Mozah who have made great difference in shaping Qatars economic statues have never been mentioned in American Movies. Another example is Queen Rania of Jordan who has greatly improved educational systems throughout all Arab countries. In the movie Cleopatra, starring Elizabeth Taylor, the great Egyptian leader was only portrayed as a beautiful woman who fell in love with Mark Anthony, but not as a strong, wise leader who ruled Egypt.            Another Arab culture that has been stigmatized by Hollywood is the Egyptian culture. Most movies about Egyptian culture are based on pharaohs, mummies, pyramids, and desert Bedouins. American movies never portray the modern Egyptian culture, which results in a large portion of Americans believing that Egyptians ride camels instead of cars and live in tents and pyramids instead of normal houses.            Throughout the whole documentary, my favorite part was where Dr. Jack Shaheen presents the Real Arabs and what they are really like. He stated the fact that not all Arabs are Muslims and many of them are Christians. Moreover, not all Arab women are veiled; instead, many of them are extremely modern and up to date with clothes. In fact, there are many great Arab fashion designers such as Zuhair Murad and Eli Saab who have inspired different styles of clothes worldwide. In addition, teenagers and children in Arab regions engage in sports and activities just like normal children who do the same things in any other part of the world. Even if Arabs wish to abide by their culture and traditional appearance it doesnt mean that the other or the different is labeled under the name of the enemy.            Dr. Shaheen states that even though Arabs have been stereotyped for a long time in Hollywood, there are some filmmakers who have portrayed Arabs in a positive way. One movie that humanizes Arabs and projects them with respect in Dr. Shaheens opinion is Three Kings. Another movie that is a good example is Kingdom of Heaven where it reveals that even though Saladin conquered Jerusalem, there was peace and respect between Christians and Muslims. Although Dr. Shaheen has shown a couple of films that project Arabs in a positive way, I think he left out a couple of important films that are good examples such as Lawrence of Arabia starring Omar El Sherif and the movie Babel starring Brad Pitt. In my opinion, Babel is a very important movie that represents the Arabs in a respectful, mannerly way. While Brad Pitt and his wife were on vacation in Morocco, his wife gets shot while they were in the Bus. As they couldnt contact the Embassy at that time , a Moroccan tour guide, Anwar, offers his help to Brad Pitt and takes them to his house and takes care of them for several days. When he finally contacted the Embassy, before he leaves, he offers Anwar all the money he has as a way of thanking him but Anwar absolutely refuses to take any of it.            In my opinion, I think Dr. Jack Shaheens point of view of how Arabs have been stereotyped in Hollywood movies is very convincing. I like the fact that he states his opinion and emphasizes it with different shots from different movies throughout the documentary. Also, not only does he reveal how Hollywood stereotypes Arabs, but also shows that in some movies they are portrayed in a positive way which proves that he is not biased. I agree with the Dr. Shaheen when he says, I am an optimist and I believe particularly in young film makers. The stereotype will change because many young men and women who are entering this profession will see that there is an engrave injustice committed and they will make attempts to correct it. Its only a matter of time to when this will happen. I also agree with the fact that the stereotypes against Arabs will change just like it did with Black African Americans by time. Stereotypes may not be eternal and perha ps the time will come where ignorance will fade away from minds and tolerance of different beliefs and cultures will proceed.
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Addressing Unethical Behavior in the Criminal Justice System Essay
To understand the ethical challenges in the criminal justice system, I took a look at the three parts of criminal justice, Policing, Courts, and Corrections. In doing so I found that this is quite a large topic. The areas I would like to touch on are; those areas in which the newly hired police officer, lawyer, and corrections officer my face. Having only the training he/she was given in their respective academy’s or in the case of attorneys Law School, and with the Oath of office they had just sworn to, hopefully still in, and the men and women they are placed with to guide them; above all their own sense of ethical behavior and morality. Ethics is a very personal thing; it means many things to many people. There is the mind set of â€Å"do unto others as you would have done to you†, the golden Rule, most of us learned early on in life. But as we go through life we start to get our own sense of ethical and moral behavior. We see others acting in a manner in which we would like to act, and wonder how to become more like that person, more times than not, this starts with a parent or sibling, or close family friend. At this early time we are developing our ideas of right and wrong, as well as healthy and unhealthy behaviors. Another area in which some are given a great deal of their ethical and moral values are religion, there is always a reward for doing the right thing, and a punishment for the wrong. Ethics and morality go hand in hand. The ethical and moral values we gather in the early stage of life stay with us though out our adult life. This is where the training in ethics and morality stops. For most of us we go on to live good l... ... solemn oath has a long lasting history, and is held in high regard by many, but few know its meaning. "A solemn affirmation or declaration, made with an appeal to God for truth of what is affirmed. The appeal to God in an oath implies that the person imprecates his vengeance and renounces his favor if the declaration is false, or if the declaration is a promise, the person invokes the vengeance of God if he should fail to fulfill it. A false oath is called perjury."(Webster Dictionary 1828) Works Cited Dr. Frank Kardasz â€Å"Ethics Training For Law Enforcement: Practices and Trends. (2008) Saarbrucken, Germany: VDM Verlag Richard W. De Shon â€Å" Police officer’s Oath of Office a Question of Knowledge†Eastern Michigan University. March 31, 2000 Available at: http://www.emich.edu/cerns/downloads/papers/PoliceStaff/Unsorted/OATH%20&%20ETHICS.pdf
Sunday, January 19, 2020
“Antigone” Tragic Hero
Kacie Ms. C 11/16/12 C Block Antigone tragic hero essay. Creon is the better tragic hero because he has more traits of a tragic hero than antigone has. He has greatness, a personality flaw, he makes a tragic mistake due to his personality and realizes it, he accepts death with honor and gets redeemed by the end of the play. All tragic heros must have greatness â€Å" You forget yourself! You are talking to your king†Creon is telling Tiresias that he is a king. It is important because it is stating that Creon is a king/ he has stature.Even though Creon has greatness, he has a tragic flaw as well. In the play antigone Creon has many personality flaws which causes him to make mistakes. One of his personality flaws is that he is stubborn. In scene 5 line 69 Creon speaks to Tiresias. â€Å"No doubt. Speak: Whatever you say, you will not change my will†This quote shows that Creon is stubborn because Tiresias is trying to help him but he refuses to change. Tiresias is trying to tell Creon his mistake which is that he didn't burry polonaises and he is punishing antigone for wanting to burry her brother.Even though he made a mistake he eventually realized his mistake. Later on in the play Creon eventually realizes his big mistake that his personality caused. Creon finally listened to Tiresias. In scene 5 line 75-76 Tiresias tells Creon his mistake. â€Å" The one in a grave before he death, The other death denied the grave. This is your crime†after Tiresias tells Creon that his crime is not burring polonaises and sentencing antigone to death, Creon try's to fixes his mistake.While trying to fix his mistake he makes another one burring polonaises first before getting antigone causing antigone and his son to die. This is important because all tragic hero's must realize there mistake. Creon filled with so much remorse he wishes death upon himself. By the end of the play when every one has killed them self Creon accepts death with honor. In the exodus line 127-128 Creon shouts to the gods â€Å"let it come, let death come quickly, and be kind to me†this quote is important because all tragic hero's must except death with honor.Accepting death causes Creon to be redeemed even though he does not die. The better would be Creon because he has more tragic hero traits then antigone. I personal did not like the play because none of it made sense. I would never sentence my niece to death especially if she is trying to be a good sister. Also I would never let my nephew rot in the middle of the ground even if he attacked my city. They play would have been better if Creon wasn't such a stubborn jerk. â€Å"Antigone†Tragic Hero Kacie Ms. C 11/16/12 C Block Antigone tragic hero essay. Creon is the better tragic hero because he has more traits of a tragic hero than antigone has. He has greatness, a personality flaw, he makes a tragic mistake due to his personality and realizes it, he accepts death with honor and gets redeemed by the end of the play. All tragic heros must have greatness â€Å" You forget yourself! You are talking to your king†Creon is telling Tiresias that he is a king. It is important because it is stating that Creon is a king/ he has stature.Even though Creon has greatness, he has a tragic flaw as well. In the play antigone Creon has many personality flaws which causes him to make mistakes. One of his personality flaws is that he is stubborn. In scene 5 line 69 Creon speaks to Tiresias. â€Å"No doubt. Speak: Whatever you say, you will not change my will†This quote shows that Creon is stubborn because Tiresias is trying to help him but he refuses to change. Tiresias is trying to tell Creon his mistake which is that he didn't burry polonaises and he is punishing antigone for wanting to burry her brother.Even though he made a mistake he eventually realized his mistake. Later on in the play Creon eventually realizes his big mistake that his personality caused. Creon finally listened to Tiresias. In scene 5 line 75-76 Tiresias tells Creon his mistake. â€Å" The one in a grave before he death, The other death denied the grave. This is your crime†after Tiresias tells Creon that his crime is not burring polonaises and sentencing antigone to death, Creon try's to fixes his mistake.While trying to fix his mistake he makes another one burring polonaises first before getting antigone causing antigone and his son to die. This is important because all tragic hero's must realize there mistake. Creon filled with so much remorse he wishes death upon himself. By the end of the play when every one has killed them self Creon accepts death with honor. In the exodus line 127-128 Creon shouts to the gods â€Å"let it come, let death come quickly, and be kind to me†this quote is important because all tragic hero's must except death with honor.Accepting death causes Creon to be redeemed even though he does not die. The better would be Creon because he has more tragic hero traits then antigone. I personal did not like the play because none of it made sense. I would never sentence my niece to death especially if she is trying to be a good sister. Also I would never let my nephew rot in the middle of the ground even if he attacked my city. They play would have been better if Creon wasn't such a stubborn jerk.
Monday, January 13, 2020
The Social Construction of the Amish Community
Sociology 1101 The Amish Community, an Example of Social Construction The Amish culture qualifies as an example of social construction because it is a belief that has important consequences for a large group of people. The people of the Amish community have specific rules they must follow. They believe that the outside culture has a morally polluting effect and that it promotes pride, greed, immorality and materialism. Some of the Amish beliefs include the concept that God will judge them on how well they have obeyed the church rules during their lifetime and that contact with the â€Å"outside world†makes it harder to obey their rules.This is the reason for their extreme isolation. Even though the Amish culture believes that the â€Å"outside world†has a polluting effect on them and their children, there is a time within the Amish community that the parents throughout the community allow their children to participate in events and activities that they usually wouldnà ¢â‚¬â„¢t be allowed to participate in. This time is referred to as Rumspringa. Rumspringa is also referred to as â€Å"running around†This is the term used to describe the period of adolescence Amish experience starting at around the age of sixteen.The parents of the children who choose to participate in this opportunity feel that their children cannot be shunned from the Amish community because they are not yet baptized and they are not yet under the authority of the church. Rumspringa helps the young adults to choose whether they want to join the church or not. The young adults can choose to join a youth group on the weekends usually. These different youth groups have different activities or events they participate in. There are two main groups; one considered the slower or plainer group and the other considered the faster group.The slower groups participates in activities such as volleyball games, and singing groups and are even sometimes supervised by adults while the fa ster group participates in parties and other activities considered less conservative. Although most people seem to think that the youth who participate in these groups are participating in heavy partying, drug use, premarital sex or other extreme behaviors this is usually not the case although these are not unheard of throughout the faster youth groups. The Amish community serves as an example of social construction because the ideas of this culture are passed along by xplaining each aspect of the community through personal interactions and friendships, people begin to believe these strict aspects are what are to be expected because so many other people of the Amish community are believing them and practicing them. Then the strict aspects of the Amish culture are eventually accepted and passed down from generation to generation. â€Å"The Amish people are direct descendants of the Anabaptists of the sixteenth century Europe. Anabaptism is the religion that came about during the ref ormation era.The term Anabaptist first started out as a nickname that meant re-baptizer, because this group rejected the idea of infant baptism, since an infant doesn’t yet have the knowledge of good and evil. The Anabaptists were seen as a threat to Europe’s religious and social institutions and were therefore persecuted. †The idea of Rumspringa first begins because of this specific aspect of the Amish culture, the belief that their children cannot be shunned by the Amish community because they are not old enough to know the difference between good and evil.This then allows the people of the Amish community to consider what the specific age of knowing good from evil is and then they present the specific idea of Rumspringa to the Amish culture. The Amish community passed through the three phases of Berger and Luckmann’s analysis by first; externalizing the ideas of the culture by putting an explanation of the ideas â€Å"out there†The Amish commun ity first presented the idea of Rumspringa to the entire community when they felt that their young adults should have a choice whether or not they wanted to continue to practice the Amish believes and pass them down to their children.Although it may seem that this act of Rumspringa is going completely against what the Amish community believes, the Amish parents do not encourage their youth to leave home and participate in sinful behaviors but they feel there must be at least some room for free choice in the decision to become Amish. Rumspringa was also explained as the time the Amish community allowed their young adult children to participate in youth groups that would lead them to finding a spouse and if this happened and the two young adults decided to get married their time of Rumspringa was over and they were now to be baptized.The second phase they passed their belief through is objectivation. This is the most crucial phase of construction. The strict rules of the Amish communi ty led the people of the Amish community to believe that being exposed to the outside world would pollute their minds. But, when the idea of Rumspringa was first put out there for people to consider, it showed that this would allow their children to participate in activities and groups that they were not usually allowing them too.At first the people of the Amish community felt this idea was crazy, but after it was explained that their children would not be shunned from the community because they had not yet been baptized and were not yet under the authority of the church and that their young adult children needed free choice in whether or not to continue the practices of the Amish culture, people began to really consider this idea. Many Amish families decided this was a good idea and began to practice this new belief.They felt this could actually help their family continue from generation to generation. The third phase of Berger and Luckmann is the phase of internalization. This new ly introduced belief of the Amish community was spreading quickly and more and more people began practicing this belief. More people of the Amish community began to involve this belief into their everyday lives because they felt this could lead their children to marriage and then they would soon be baptized and be considered under the authority of the church.People of the Amish community had children and has these children grew up they were introduced to the idea of Rumspringa and as these children grew into adults and had their own children they passed down the belief to their children and eventually the belief of Rumspringa throughout the Amish culture was now passed down from generation to generation religiously. Even though the idea of Rumspringa was doubted when it was first presented to the Amish community, the people of the Amish community began to actually consider the aspects of this new idea and realize this could help their children and even their families for generations .This is how the beliefs of the Amish community passed through the third phase of Berger and Luckmanns reality of construction. I believe that the beliefs of the Amish community could either be effectively challenged or accepted depending on the person who is examining and judging the culture. The Amish culture thoroughly explains each aspect of their culture and why they participate in each aspect. They have specific background information on why they now accept the idea of Rumspringa.I feel he Amish culture could also be effectively challenged because, even though the Amish culture presents their ideas of Rumspringa and explains that they feel this certain period of time in their children’s lives could effectively alter their lives for the better, this time doesn’t actually let their children move outside the community or even the home. The young adults of the Amish community don’t actually get to experience what it is like to live in a house where there is te levision or dress differently or even eat food they have never tried before.I feel the period of Rumspringa should be widened completely. The young adults should be able to spend six months to year physically living and working in a whole different world and this would actually allow them to make a completely honest choice about whether to join the Amish community church without the heavy influence of their parents. I feel this would effectively allow the young adults experience Rumspringa.
Friday, January 10, 2020
Fluke, or, I Know Why the Winged Whale Sings Chapter 31~32
CHAPTER THIRTY-ONE Booty and the Beasts The second time Amy came out of the bedroom, she was dressed in her familiar hiking shorts, flip-flops, and a WHALES ARE OUR PALS T-shirt. â€Å"Better?†â€Å"I don't feel any better, if that's what you're asking.†Nate sat at the table with a can of grapefruit juice and a pint of vodka in front of him. â€Å"I mean, are you more comfortable now that I'm dressed? Because I can be naked again in a flash –  » â€Å"You want a drink?†Nate needed to forget the whole naked encounter as quickly as possible. Applying alcohol seemed like the most efficient method at this point. â€Å"Sure,†she said. She pulled a glass out of one of the kitchen cubbies, the clear door folding back like the protective cover of a frog's eye. â€Å"You want a glass?†Nate had been sipping alternately from the juice can and the vodka bottle until he had enough room in the can to pour in some vodka. â€Å"Yeah. I don't like reaching into the cupboards.†â€Å"You're kind of squeamish for a biologist, but I guess it does take some getting used to.†Amy set the glasses in front of him and let him mix the drinks. There was no ice. â€Å"You adjust.†â€Å"You seem to have adjusted. When did they take you? You must have been really young.†â€Å"Me? No, I was born here. I've always been here. That's why I was perfect to work for you guys. The Colonel has been teaching me cetacean biology for years.†It occurred to Nate that he had seen a few human children around and hadn't really thought about growing up in Gooville. Someone had to teach them. Why not the infamous Colonel? â€Å"I should have known. When you were trying to locate the whale by listening for it that last day. I should have known.†â€Å"Correction, when I did locate the whale by listening for it, for which you still owe me dinner.†â€Å"I think this is one of those all-bets-are-off situations, Amy. You were a spy.†â€Å"Nate, before you get too angry, you need to remember the alternative to my spying and finding out what you were working on in detail. That would have been to just kill you. It would have been much easier.†â€Å"You and Ryder act like you did me a favor. Like you saved me from some great danger. The only danger I was in was from you in the first place. So stop trying to impress me with the quality of your mercy. You did it all – tore up the lab, sank Clay's boat, all of it – didn't you?†â€Å"No, not directly. Poynter and Poe tore up the lab. The whaley boys sank Clay's boat. I took the negatives out of the packet at the photo lab. I kept them informed, and I made sure you were where they needed you to be, that's all. I never wanted to hurt you, Nate. Never.†â€Å"I wish I could believe that. Then you show up here like that, trying to convince me that this is a great place to live right after Ryder has given me the speech.†He drained his glass, poured himself another drink, this one with just a splash of grapefruit juice over the top. â€Å"What are you talking about? I haven't seen Ryder since I've been back. I just got in a few hours ago.†â€Å"Well, then it's always been a part of the plan: Let Amy lure the biologist into staying.†â€Å"Nate, look at me.†She took his chin in her hand and looked him right in the eye. â€Å"I came here of my own free will, without any instructions from Ryder or anyone else. In fact, no one knows where I am, except maybe the Goo – you can never be sure about that. I came here to see you, with all the masks and the role-playing out of the way.†Nate pulled away from her. â€Å"And you didn't think I'd be mad? And what was with the whole ‘Look how luscious I am' act?†She looked down. Hurt, Nate thought. Or acting hurt. If she cried, it wouldn't matter. He'd be useless. â€Å"I knew you'd be mad, but I thought you might be able to get over it. I was just trying to be floozish. I'm sorry if I'm not very good at it. It's not a skill you get to use a lot in an undersea city. Truth be told, the dating pool is sort of shallow here in Gooville. I was just trying to be sexy. I never said I was a good floozy.†Nate reached over and patted her hand. â€Å"No, you're a fine floozy. That's not what I was saying. I wasn't questioning your†¦ uh, floozishness. I was just questioning its sincerity.†â€Å"Well, it's sincere. I really do like you. I really did come here to see you, to be with you.†â€Å"Really?†What was the biological analog for this? A black widow spider male falling for one of her lines, knowing innately where it was going. Knowing right down to his very DNA that she was going to kill and eat him right after they mated, but he would worry about after. So time and again Mr. Black Widow passed his dumb-ass, sex-enslaved genes on to the next generation of dumb-ass, sex-enslaved males who would fall for the same trick. Spinning a little conversation: Interesting name, Black Widow. How'd you come about that? Tell me all about yourself. Me? Nah, I'm a simple guy. I'm doomed by my male nature to follow my little spider libido into oblivion. Let's talk about you. Love the red hourglass on your butt. â€Å"Really,†Amy said. There were tears welling in her eyes, and she lifted his hand to her lips and kissed it gently. â€Å"Amy, I don't want to stay here. I'm not – I want – I'm too old for you, even if you weren't a lying, destructive, evil – ; â€Å"Okay.†She held his hand to her cheek. â€Å"What do you mean, ‘okay'?†â€Å"You don't have to stay. But can I stay with you tonight?†He pulled his hand back from her, but she held his gaze. â€Å"I need to be way more drunk for this,†he said. â€Å"Me, too.†She went over to the scary fridge thing. â€Å"Do you have more vodka?†â€Å"There's another bottle over there in that thing – that other thing that I'm afraid of.†He caught himself watching her bottom while she found the bottle. â€Å"You said ‘okay. You mean you know a way out?†â€Å"Shut up and drink. You gonna drink or you gonna talk?†â€Å"This isn't healthy,†Nate observed. â€Å"Thank you, Dr. Insight,†Amy said. â€Å"Pour me one.†â€Å"Nice red hourglass.†â€Å"What?†Back at his bungalow at Papa Lani, Clay sat on the bed with his head in his hands while Clair rubbed the knots out of his shoulders. He'd told her the Old Broad's story, and she'd listened quietly, asking a few questions as he went along. â€Å"So do you believe her?†Clair asked. â€Å"I don't even know what I'm admitting to believing. But I believe she thinks she's telling the truth. She offered us a boat, Clair. A ship. She offered to buy us a research vessel, hire a crew, pay them.†â€Å"What for?†â€Å"To find Nate and her husband, James.†â€Å"I thought she was broke.†â€Å"She's not broke. She's loaded. I mean, the ship will be a used one, but it's a ship. It will still run in the millions. She wants me to find one – and a crew.†â€Å"And could you find Nate if you had a ship?†â€Å"Where do I look? She thinks he's on an island somewhere, some secret place where these things live. Hell, if she's telling the truth, they could be from outer space. If she's not†¦ well, I can't just run a ship around the world stopping at islands and asking them if they happen to have seen people crawling out of a whale's butt.†â€Å"Technically, baby, whales don't have butts. You have to walk upright to have booty. This is why we are the dominant species on the planet, because we have booty.†â€Å"You know what I mean.†â€Å"It's an important point.†She slid into his lap, her arms around his neck. Clay smiled despite his anxiety. â€Å"Technically, man is not the dominant species. There's at least a thousand pounds of termites for every person on earth.†â€Å"Well, you can have my termites, thanks.†â€Å"So man isn't really dominant, whether it's brains or booty.†â€Å"Baby, I wasn't saying that man was the dominant species, I was saying that we are the dominant species. Wo-man.†â€Å"Because you have booty?†She wiggled on his lap by way of an answer, then leaned her forehead against his, looked in his eyes. â€Å"Good point,†Clay said. â€Å"What about this ship? You going to let the Old Broad buy it for you? You going to go look for Nate?†â€Å"Where do I start?†â€Å"Follow one of these signals. Find whatever is making it and follow them.†â€Å"We'd need location for that.†â€Å"How do you do that?†â€Å"We'd need to have someone working the old sonar grid the navy put down all over the oceans during the Cold War to track submarines. I know people at Newport who do it, but we'd have to tell them what we're doing.†â€Å"You couldn't just say you were trying to find a certain whale?†â€Å"I suppose we could.†â€Å"And if you have your ship and that information, you can follow the whale, or the ship, or whatever it is to its source.†â€Å"My ship?†â€Å"Roll over, I'll rub your back.†But Clay wasn't moving. He was thinking. â€Å"I still don't know where to start.†â€Å"Who has the booty? Turn over, Captain.†Clay slipped off his aloha shirt and rolled over onto his stomach. â€Å"My ship,†he said. Nate was suddenly cold, and when he opened his eyes, he was pretty sure that his head was going to explode. â€Å"I'm pretty sure my head is going to explode,†he said. And someone rudely jostled his bed. â€Å"Come on, party animal, the Colonel sent for you. We need to go.†He peeked between the fingers he was using to hold the pieces of his head together and saw the menacing but amused face of Cielle Nuà ±ez. It wasn't what – who – he expected, and he did a quick sweep of the bed with one leg to confirm that he was alone. â€Å"I drank,†Nate said. â€Å"I saw the bottles on the table. You drank a lot.†â€Å"I didn't get a knob so just anyone could use it anytime they want.†â€Å"I noticed your knob. It looks out of place.†About that time Nate realized that he was naked, and Nuà ±ez was standing over his naked body, and he was going to have to let the pieces of his head go where they may if he was going to cover himself. He felt for a sheet, pulled it up as he sat up and threw his legs off the bed. â€Å"I'm going to need a moment.†â€Å"Hurry.†â€Å"I have to pee.†â€Å"That will be fine.†â€Å"And throw up.†â€Å"Also fine.†â€Å"Okay. You go away now.†â€Å"Brush your teeth.†And she left the room. Nate looked around the room for signs of Amy, but there were none. He didn't remember where her clothes were, but the last time he'd seen them, he was pretty sure they weren't on her. He stumbled into the bathroom and looked into the basin, mother of pearl with its little siphon fixtures and the green sphincter drain. Seeing that pretty much did it for him, and he heaved into the sink. â€Å"Hi,†Amy said, poking her head out of the retracting shower door. Nate tried to say something – something about trapdoor spiders, in keeping with an arachnid theme he was developing with regard to Amy – but it came out more bubbly and moist than he intended. â€Å"You go ahead,†Amy said. â€Å"I'll be in here.†And the door clicked shut like a frightened clam. When Nate had finished reviewing the contents of his stomach, he rinsed his face and the sink, emptied his bladder into the thing on which he would not sit, then leaned against the sink and moaned for a second while he gathered his thoughts. A head popped out of the shower. â€Å"So, that went well.†â€Å"The water's not running.†â€Å"I'm not showering, I'm hiding. I didn't want Nuà ±ez to see me. The Colonel shouldn't know I've been here. I'll leave after you go. Brush your teeth.†And then she was back in her shell. He brushed, rinsed, repeated, then said, â€Å"Okay.†Out she came, grabbed him by the hair, kissed him hard. â€Å"Nice night,†she said. The shower clicked shut, Amy inside. â€Å"I'm too old for this.†â€Å"Yeah, I was going to talk to you about that. Not now, later. Go. She's waiting.†CHAPTER THIRTY-TWO The Replicator Versus the Imitator Nuà ±ez bought him a large cup of coffee at a cafe where whaley boys stood around pouring down lattes the size of fire extinguishers and exchanging clicks and whistles at an irritating volume. â€Å"If ever there was a creature that didn't need caffeine,†Nate said. Nuà ±ez kept him moving, while he kept trying to stop to lean on things. â€Å"Don't ever drink with them,†Nuà ±ez said. â€Å"Especially the males. You know their sense of humor. You're as likely as not to get a wet willy in the ear, and it's a real wet willy.†â€Å"I may have to hurl again.†â€Å"Don't destroy yourself out of spite, Nate. Just accept things how they are.†He wasn't trying to destroy himself, and he wasn't spiteful. He was just confused, hungover, and kind of in love, or something remotely like love, except that the pain was more localized in his temples rather than being the overall, life-ruining pain it usually caused him. â€Å"Can we stop in at the Lollipop Guild and get a couple aspirins?†â€Å"You're late already.†In the corridors she handed him off to a pair of killer whaley boys. â€Å"You should be honored, you know?†Nuà ±ez said. â€Å"He doesn't meet with many people.†â€Å"You can take my appointment if you want.†The Colonel had a goo recliner waiting for him when he walked through the iris door. Nate sat in it and held his coffee cup like a security blanket against his chest. â€Å"Well, can you see now that life wouldn't be so bad here?†Nate's mind raced. Amy said the Colonel didn't know, but maybe the Goo knew, but the Colonel was tapped in to the Goo, so did he know? Or had he sent her in the first place and this was all a scam, just like when he'd sent her to Hawaii to spy on him? She'd fooled him for a month there, why couldn't she be fooling him now? He wanted to trust her. But what was Ryder getting at? â€Å"What's different, Growl? When I saw you nine hours ago, I was a prisoner, and I'm a prisoner now.†Ryder seemed surprised. He wiped the lock of gray hair out of his eyes furiously, as if it had caused him to make some sort of mistake. â€Å"Right, nine hours. So you've had some time to think.†He didn't sound sure. â€Å"I got drunk and passed out. In the clear, lightning-bug light of day, Colonel, I still want to go home.†â€Å"You know, time†– Ryder patted the living chair he was sitting in as if he were petting a dog, sending waves of blush through the pink Goo outward from where he touched. Nate shivered at the sight of it – â€Å"time is different down here, it's†¦Ã¢â‚¬ â€Å"Relative?†Nate offered. â€Å"It's on a different scale.†â€Å"What do you want from me, Colonel? What can I possibly offer you that I get the special treatment of being spared and granted multiple audiences with the†¦ the grand pooh-bah?†Nate was going to say â€Å"with the alpha whacko,†but he thought of Amy and realized that something had changed. He no longer felt like he had nothing to lose. Rider swiped at his hair and clutched at the flesh of his chair with the other hand. He began rocking slightly. â€Å"I want someone to tell me I'm thinking clearly, I guess. I dream things that the Goo knows, and I think it knows things that I dream, but I'm not sure. I'm overwhelmed.†â€Å"You might have thought about that before you declared yourself wizard.†â€Å"You think I chose this? I didn't choose this, Nate. The Goo chose me. I don't know how many people have been brought down here over the years, but I was the first biologist. I was the first one who had some idea how the Goo worked. It had the whaley boys bring me to a place like this, where there was raw, unformed animal, and it never let me leave. I've tried to make things better for people in Gooville, but – †Ryder's eyes rolled up in his head as if he were starting to have a seizure, but then he was back again. â€Å"Did you see the electricity on the whale ships? I did that. But it's not – It's different now than it has been.†Nate suddenly felt bad for the older man. Ryder was behaving like an early Alzheimer's patient who is realizing that he's losing recognition of his grandchildren's faces. â€Å"Tell me,†Nate said. Ryder nodded, swallowed hard, pressed on – hardly the picture of the powerful leader he'd appeared the night before. â€Å"I think that after the Goo found its safe haven here under the sea, it needed to have more information, more DNA sequences to make sure it could protect itself. It produced a minute bacterium that could spread throughout the oceans, be part of the great world ecosystem but could pass genetic information back to the source. We call the bacteria SAR-11. It's a thousand times smaller than normal bacteria, but it's in every liter of seawater on the planet. That worked fine to transmit information back to the Goo for three billion years – everything that could be known was in the sea. Then something happened.†â€Å"Animals left the water?†â€Å"Exactly. Until then, everything there was to know – every piece of information that could be known – was transmitted through DNA, replicators, in creatures that lived in the seas. The Goo knew everything. Mind you, it might take a million years to learn how to make an arthropod's segmented shell. It might take two million years to learn to make a gill or, say, twenty million to make an eye, but it had its safe niche, so it had the time – it didn't have anywhere it needed to be. Evolution doesn't really have a destination. It's just dicking around with possibilities. The Goo is the same way. But when life left the water, the Goo got a blind spot.†â€Å"I'm having a little trouble seeing the immediacy of your story, Colonel. I mean, why, beyond the obvious that I'm sitting inside this thing, is this supposed to be urgent?†â€Å"Because four hundred million years later, the land creatures came back into the water – sophisticated land animals.†â€Å"Early whales?†â€Å"Yes, when mammals came back to the sea, they brought something that even the dinosaurs – the reptiles and amphibians that had come back to the water – didn't have. Something the Goo didn't know. Knowledge that didn't replicate itself through DNA. It replicated through imitation, learned knowledge, not passed on. Memes.†Nate knew about memes, the information equivalent of a gene. A gene existed to replicate itself and required a vehicle, an organism, in which to do it. It was the same with memes, except a meme could replicate itself across vehicles, across brains. A tune you couldn't get out of your head, a recipe, a bad joke, the Mona Lisa – all were memes of sort. They were a fun model to think about, and computers had made the idea of a self-replicating piece of information more manifest with computer viruses, but what did that have to do with – But then it hit him. Why he'd learned about memes in the first place. â€Å"The song,†Nate said. â€Å"Humpback song is a meme.†â€Å"Of course. The first culture, the first exposure the Goo had to something it didn't understand. What, maybe fifteen million years ago it found out it wasn't the only game in town. Three billion years is a long time to get used to living in what you think is your private house only to suddenly find out that someone moved into an apartment above you while you were sleeping. â€Å"For a long time the Goo didn't perceive that genes and memes were at odds. Whales were the first carriers. Big brains because they need to imitate complex behaviors, remember complex tasks, and because they could get the high-protein food to build the brains the memes needed. But the Goo came to terms with the whales. They're an elegant mix of genes and memes, absolute kings of their realm. Huge, efficient feeders, immune from any predation except from each other. â€Å"But then something started killing whales. Killing them in alarming numbers. And it was something from the surface world. It wasn't something the Goo could find out about from its ocean-borne nervous system, so that's when I think it created the whale ships, or a version of them. Late seventeen or early eighteen hundreds, I'd guess. Then, I think when it had somehow gotten back enough samples of human DNA, it made the whaley boys. To stay camouflaged but to watch, to bring people back here so it could learn, watch us. I may have been the final link that started the war.†â€Å"What war? There's a war?†Nate had a quick vision of the paranoid megalomaniacs that the Colonel said he'd considered for pseudonyms, Captain Nemo and Colonel Kurtz, both complete bedbugs. â€Å"The war between memes and genes. Between an organism that specializes in the replication of gene machines – the Goo – and one that specializes in the replication of meme machines – us, human beings. I brought electrical and computer technology here. I brought the Goo the theoretical knowledge of memes and genes and how they work. Where the Goo is now and where it was before I came is the difference between being able to drive one and being able to build a car from lumps of raw steel. It's realizing the threat. It's going to figure it out.†Ryder looked at Nate expectantly. Nate looked at him as if he wasn't getting the point. When he'd studied under Ryder, the man had been so cogent, so clear. Grumpy, but clear. â€Å"Okay,†Nate said slowly, hoping Ryder would jump in, â€Å"so you need me to†¦ uh†¦?†â€Å"Help me figure out a way to kill it.†â€Å"Didn't see that coming.†â€Å"We're at war with the Goo, and we have to find a way to kill it before it knows what's happening.†â€Å"Then don't you think you should keep your voice down?†â€Å"No, it doesn't communicate that way.†The Colonel looked perturbed at Nate's comment. â€Å"So you want me to figure out how to kill your god? â€Å"Yes, before it wipes out the human race in one fell swoop.†â€Å"Which would be bad.†â€Å"And we have to kill it without killing everyone in Gooville.†â€Å"Oh, we can do that,†Nate said, completely confident, the way he'd seen hostage negotiators in cop movies tell the bank robbers that their demands were being met and the helicopter was on the way. â€Å"But I'm going to need some time.†The strangest thing was, as Nate left the Colonel's chamber after being in direct contact with the Goo for only a few minutes, his hangover was completely gone.
Sunday, January 5, 2020
Manga - 2924 Words
Comics didnt interest me much until a few years ago: long Indian summers spent reading Archie digests out of utter boredom had convinced me that there wasnt much to the form. It was only when a friend introduced me to Japanese comics (or manga) three years ago that I began to realize that the synthesis of image and text could produce complex layers of meaning, which shifted from reading to reading. In Japan, manga has spread and diversified as a dominant (almost the dominant) medium in mass culture The huge audience for manga in Japan has allowed artists to diversify into many different types, the two primary classifications being shonen - boys manga - and shoujo - girls manga. Shonen manga are usually heavy on action and light on†¦show more content†¦Initially, I concentrated on buying a wide range of manga to sample rather than focusing on specific series. In this way, I acquired random volumes of series such as Gensomaden Saiyuki, Neon Genesis Evangelion and Revolutionary Girl Utena. Once I got an idea of which types of manga I found most appealing, I began to focus on acquiring several volumes of a particular series. For example, I now own all of the Banana Fish volumes that have so far been translated into English. Currently, I am eager to acquire volumes of series such as Banana Fish, Paradise Kiss and Mars, which are all similar to apprentice novels or novels of awakening, in which the characters find their place in society through various experiences. I am also researching other boys love artists, such as Motoni Modoru. She borrows from several genres, including horror and Taisho-period historical novels, to produce atmospheric thrillers. More generally, I would like to focus on titles that are more creative and unusual than the run-of-the-mill boys love story. One example is the mafia-thriller cum horror-story Face, which I acquired last October. Lastly, the popularity of manga and Japanese animation (or anime) in America has inspired a large number of aspiring American artists to produce work that is written in English, but incorporates shoujo manga techniques of drawing and story-telling. This movement has resulted in several interesting collaborations andShow MoreRelatedManga and Anime947 Words  | 4 Pages Manga and anime are popular for many people around the world and has been one of Japan’s most lucrative businesses. Manga and anime are misunderstood by some Americans who are unable to recognize the draw to them. To understand both styles, people need to know where they came from and what makes them a preferred interest of so many others. Japanese scroll paintings called the Animal Scrolls progressed into what today is known as manga and then into anime. Animal Scrolls are from the middle ofRead MoreAnime And Manga Of Anime1627 Words  | 7 PagesAnime and Manga According to Stewart (2013), Japanese culture is becoming increasingly popular within Western society†, particularly anime, cosplay and games. In the comic world of Japan, comic books are called manga, and anime means that animation cartoon. Manga is a visual narrative to gratify readers through the capability of its plot and characters, and many animation, movie and computer game stories are from manga. In the academic and art fields, fan culture, the majority of visual imagesRead MoreWhat Are Anime and Manga3381 Words  | 14 PagesWhat are Anime and Manga? Thesis Statement: Anime and Manga are getting a lot of attention around the world. But what is the relationship of Anime and Manga? Outline: 1.0 Introduction 2.1 Definition of Anime and Manga 2.2 Brief History of Anime and Manga 2.0 The Father of Manga and Anime 3.0 Relation of Manga to Anime 4.0 Categories of Anime and Manga 5.0 Comparison 6.3 Anime and the American Animation 6.4 Manga and the American Comics 6.0 ConclusionRead MoreThe Development of Japanese Manga and Anime Essay1150 Words  | 5 PagesDevelopment of Japanese Manga and Anime Manga is a Japanese word that is generally used to refer to comics or cartoons while Anime is a term used to refer to animation, also originating from Japan. The origin of manga can be traced to the 18th century. The word was used for the first time in 1798 in Japan to describe Shiji no yukikai, a picture book. The term resurfaced again in 1814 when it was used as the title of books written by Akinwai Minwa; Hokusai Manga and Manga Hyakujo. These books containedRead MoreManga and Anime in the Japanese Culture Essay1146 Words  | 5 PagesManga and anime are a very huge part of Japanese culture. They have a long history in Japan and they have gotten increasingly popular. Even now in modern day Japan, manga and anime have become a major part of everyday life. Though accepted into many households, some people believe that manga and anime are a bad influence to the people that enjoy reading and watching them. However, manga and anime give the people of Japan a huge quantity of stori es to explore and enjoy and a wide range of genres toRead MoreBook Report On Manga Fruit Basket 1285 Words  | 6 Pagesknowing what to expect for an ending. This is how I felt when reading the Manga Fruit Basket, a story about a young orphan girl who meets a family that is cursed by the Chinese zodiac. Overall this was a good manga; however, it may different for someone starting out to read Manga. There could have been some changes to create a better atmosphere for the readers and the Manga itself. Some changes that could have been made in the manga, are the type of drawing style they use, the way they finished it andRead MoreJapanese Manga Series Written By Eiichiro Oda1179 Words  | 5 Pages One Piece Japanese manga series written by Eiichiro Oda. Father of One Piece, Japanese Fan or call Oda intimate nickname is Odacchi. Vietnamese fans still called holy Oda as well as international fans or called God Oda to talk about his talent. He was born in 1975, One Piece debuted on September 04/08/1997 Shonen Jump magazine with 7 chap 1 ranking on the weekly charts of the journal TOC. As of the manga One Piece is currently the best selling of all timeRead MoreHow Anime and Manga Affect Teenagers955 Words  | 4 PagesHOW ANIME AND MANGA AFFECT THE LIVES OF TEENAGERS Presented by: Paula Carmela Pascua Cheska Andador Kimberly Lourdes Tina Amper Ace Estranero Sheena Ornopia Table of Contents Rationale -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page Problem --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page Significance of the Study ------------------------------------------------------- Page Related Literature and Theoretical FrameworkRead MoreModern Culture : The Japanese Manga A Sub Culture Based Around Graphic Novels1606 Words  | 7 Pageswell depicted in the Japanese manga: graphic novel artwork that is read ubiquitously throughout Japan. Exploration of this art-form and the culture that grows around it provides a unique insight into current cultural attitudes in Japan. Shojo manga - a sub-culture based around graphic novels for females – explores fluid and expressive forms of non-traditional female sexuality that challenge patriarchal expectations of female behaviour, body-image and sexuality. Shojo manga, its authors and readers createRead MoreThe Production of a Manga Culture in France: a Sociological Analysis of a Successful Intercultural Reception4707 Words  | 19 PagesTHE PRODUCTION OF A â€Å"MANGA CULTURE†IN FRANCE: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF A SUCCESSFUL INTERCULTRAL RECEPTION Olivier VANHEE Communication à la Confà ©rence Internationale Asia Culture Forum 2006 Mobile and Pop Culture in Asia Gwangju, Corà ©e, octobre 2006 Introduction Manga and anime are now part of the cultural habits of different generations of French readers, and they are a major cultural space where images and meanings about Japan and Asia circulate. From the end of the 1970’s, intercultural
Thursday, January 2, 2020
Workplace Diversity Within The Workplace - 865 Words
As companies become more diverse in the work field employees are getting harder to manage and understand. One issue in the global market today is workplace diversity. Workplace diversity is defined as all characteristics and experiences that defined each employee as individuals, but it can also be misunderstood as discrimination against employees. Diversity can include race, ethnicity, sex, religion, disability and sexual orientation discrimination. One reason why workplace diversity is important is because when you respect your employees productivity rate rises and many companies do not know that. A diverse workplace targets to create an inclusive culture that values and uses the talents of all employees. Evolution of Workplace Diversity In 1964 the civil rights act made it illegal for employment organizations to practice discrimination in the workplace. Based on race, ethnicity, sex, religion, disability and sexual orientation. In 1965 congress pass an executive order which was 11246 it required contractors to taker affirmative actions and to ensure all employees are getting the same treatment in the workplace. These laws eliminated discrimination of certain classes in the workplace and organizations that did not abide by employment fair labor treatment laws were fine or shut down. Even though some organizations became more diverse the change was slow over time because of certain classes of workers. In order to establish workplace diversity companies began to establishShow MoreRelatedDiversity At Workplace Diversity Within The Workplace3281 Words  | 14 Pages1.0 Diversity at workplace Diversity is a very extensive subject and can be in any genre or class; it is difficult to categorize because of its complex nature. According to Res (2012), diversity can be represented as a variety of human aspects pertaining to different societies and cultures in the workforce or can be explained tolerating the differences. On the contrary, diversity is a quest of differences among human beings in safe, positive and nurturing surroundings and moves beyond simple toleranceRead MoreThe Diversity Within The Workplace1538 Words  | 7 PagesIt is a known fact that in order for companies to flourish, excellent leadership practices and employees go hand-in-hand. What most companies have failed to acknowledge is how diversity within the workplace, especially in management and executive leadership, does not have a very strong presence. 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